MDM4 and glioblastoma: Rapid proliferation of GBM often accompanies a significant amount of cell apoptosis.213 Apoptotic GBM cells promote the proliferation and drug resistance of surviving tumor cells by secreting apoptotic extracellular vesicles (appoEVs) rich in RBM11, a member of the RBM family, affects abnormal ASEs of MDM4 and Cyclin D1, generating Cyclin D1a and MDM4s isoforms that are conducive to carcinogenesis.