Although neurons and glia cells have been the main focus of research on TDP-43–associated pathologies, cytoplasmic aggregation, and nuclear clearance of TDP-43 has also been detected in the CNS vasculature of ALS and patients with FTD (21), suggesting that TDP-43 function in CNS vascular cells of these patients may also be affected. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.