TROAP and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Additionally, a Cox-forest model was performed, revealing that age, gender, BUB1B, CST1, CFHR3, and GPAM were associated with an increased risk for CHOL survival (hazard ratios [HRs] > 1), while stage, PAH, DPT, FCN1, TROAP, and MT1F were protective factors (HRs < 1) (Fig. 2E).