,88 In our functional association cohort, we also found type 1 IFN-induced immunoproteasome subunits (PSMB8 and PSMB9) essential for antigen presentation and CD8 T cell activation to be upregulated in AD cases (Figure S8).89, 90, 91 Since AD is a heterogenous disease that consists of multiple endophenotypes and a “one-size-fits-all” approach is insufficient to maximize treatment efficacy,92, 93, 94 this makes the type 1 IFN signaling pathway an attractive target to achieve a more effective and personalized treatment for AD patients with a dysregulated type 1 IFN signaling profile. This evidence concerns the gene PSMB9 and Alzheimer disease.