VEGFC and neoplasm: Lymphatic vessels are a frequent route for cancer dissemination, and extrahepatic metastatic spread to lymph nodes is a major negative determinant of outcome in both primary and secondary liver cancers.[14], [15], [16] Experimental work has shown that VEGF-C expressed by tumor cells increases lymphatic metastasis through several pathophysiological mechanisms including the induction of peritumor lymphatic hyperplasia, and the expression of VEGF-C has been associated with recurrence in lymph nodes and distant sites for both HCC41 and CRLM.16