The pathophysiology of PD suggests that neurotoxic α-synuclein accumulates in large quantities in the substantia nigra of the midbrain to form Lewy vesicles (Campos-Acuña et al., 2019), defects in dopaminergic synthesis by modulating neuronal membrane stability, affecting presynaptic signaling and transmembrane vesicular transport (Hansson, 2021). The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is Parkinson disease.