Drugs that block PD-1 (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and cemiplimab) or PD-L1 (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) promote endogenous anti-tumor immunity and have been considered effective strategies for cancer treatment due to their broad activity spectrum (Topalian et al., 2020). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is cancer.