CXCL12 and central nervous system cancer: CXCL12 is also able to attract CXCR4 + myeloid derived suppressor cells to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment that favors the growth of glioma (Alghamri et al., 2022), as reported for other tumors (Obermajer et al., 2011; Benedicto et al., 2018).