CXCL12 and central nervous system cancer: Even if the direct effect of the chemokine peptide CXCL12(5-67) on glioma cells has not yet been evaluated, CXCR3 activation increases glioma cell invasion whilst CXCR3 downregulation inhibits glioma stem cells viability (Pu et al., 2015; Boyé et al., 2017).