TP53 and neoplasm: In tumor cells, such as NCI–H1299 (null-p53) and A549 (wt-p53) cancerous cells of lungs [108] and cell lines of human cholangio-carcinoma, triptolide may inhibit TNF-α induced NF-κB signaling, enhancing the death of tumor cells triggered by TNF-α and limiting pro inflammatory reactions [109].