Impairment of CNS and cardiac function in hyperglycemia may arise through HK2-linked glycolytic overload of vascular cells in blood vessels of the brain and heart, see below, and through the development of cardiomyocyte dysfunction, such as in atrial dilatation, which is associated with increased expression of HK2 (27), increasing the vulnerability to HK2-linked metabolic overload. This evidence concerns the gene HK2 and Hyperglycemia.