AML-derived exosomes are rich in CD33, CD34, and CD117, and their overall protein content is significantly higher than that of healthy controls; the content of some proteins, such as TGF-β1, decreases at the initial diagnosis and effective treatment of AML and can thus be used for detecting leukemia relapse and drug resistance status (97). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and acute myeloid leukemia.