Moreover, the results displayed that increasing TQN levels significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the expression levels of IL-8 (Figure 4A), TNF-α (Figure 4B), IL-6 (Figure 4C) and IL-1β (Figure 4F) genes un like the control group at 96 h post-infection with P. multocida. Here, CXCL8 is linked to infection.