The two tau species we observed to be most elevated in epilepsy are also elevated in early stages of AD: pTau217 and pTau231 are increased early in the brain, pTau217 is increased in vesicles in the brain as seen by histology, as well as elevated in plasma [33, 62], suggesting that these types of tau may have an important role in early AD. This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and Alzheimer disease.