Considering that G4-TNF targets the same receptors of NGR-TNF and that low-dose NGR-TNF is known to enhance endothelial permeability, to induce cytokine-chemokine secretion, and to promote expression of leucocyte adhesion molecules on endothelial cells [36], the antitumor effects triggered by low-dose G4-TNF are likely mediated by similar effects on the tumor vasculature. Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.