Consistent with Wang et al.’s findings (31), our study demonstrates that HIV/syphilis co-infected patients, including cases of uncontrolled syphilis, do not experience adverse effects on HIV viral load suppression, the recovery of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell counts, or the levels of CD8+ CD38+/CD8 + % during extended ART. The gene discussed is CD38; the disease is syphilis.