IPSS: International Prostate Symptom Score; AUASI: American Urological Association Symptom Index; BPH: Benign prostatic hyperplasia; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; DHT: Dihydrotestosterone; TGFB: Transforming growth factor - beta; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is benign prostatic hyperplasia.