The source of this residual CV risk is multifactorial and includes lipid and nonlipid factors (32), such as smoking, obesity, DM, elevated TG levels or low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B levels, lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], and LDL particle numbers (32, 55). Here, APOB is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.