Dysregulation of NANM has been observed in AD mouse models such as 5×FAD (Kim et al., 2020), APP/PS1 (Trushina et al., 2012), and 3×TgAD (Zhao et al., 2021), as well as in fibroblasts from late-onset AD patients, highlighting its relevance to AD (Sonntag et al., 2017), NAD + and its precursor substances improve on cognitive function in AD mouse models (Xie et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene APP and Alzheimer disease.