Studies have revealed that diabetes can further impair the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/eNOS (PI3K/Akt/eNOS) pathway and activate JAK/STAT3 signaling, thereby exacerbating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats which can be attenuated by treatment with SAA (96). Here, AKT1 is linked to myocardial ischemia.