Moreover, while an additive effect was observed for some tumors when Ru1 was combined with gemcitabine, reduced tumor re-growth was observed for all PDAC tumors treated with the combination approach compared to gemcitabine alone, which we attribute to a reduction in the non-CSC population as well as the CSC population, the latter being the drivers of disease relapse. This evidence concerns the gene SFMBT1 and neoplasm.