The National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) approved the Pembrolizumab for second-line treatment of PD-L1 (22C3) CPS ≥ 10 locally advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC), marking the initiation of immunotherapy for esophageal cancer. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.