CD8A and neoplasm: When monitoring the dynamic changes between pre- and post-treatment, we found AK104 activated the tumor microenvironment with significantly increased gene expressions of immune cells (e.g., exhausted CD8 T cells, cytotoxic cells, and macrophages) and immune pathways (e.g., IFN-γ, HLA-I/II, and antigen processing) for all patients (Fig. 3b).