CASP3 and melanoma: Supporting the evidence on the role of AHE and AHE-2 in inducing apoptotic cell death in melanoma and CRC cells, treatment of the A375 and SW480 cells with AHE and AHE-2 led to apoptosis, as manifested by the increased levels of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) cleavage, cleaved caspase 9, and caspase 3 (Figure 4E,F).