In addition, we would like to speculate two directions for future studies: (1) a time-course examination of the protein levels of eIF3f1/dTrbd/Posh during IMD signaling (or before/after bacterial infection); (2) investigation of the dynamics in the eIF3f1/dTrbd/Posh/dTak1 interaction network. This evidence concerns the gene SH3RF1 and bacterial infectious disease.