TNF and cardiovascular disorder: Increasing evidence shows an essential role of proinflammatory cytokines in the treatment and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.[17] Cytokines produced from different sources may also be of varying importance.[18] The production of tumor necrosis factors also stimulates cardiac hypertrophy.[19] Moreover, the regulation of catabolic processes plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of HCM.[20] On the other hand, our study found that most of these DEPRGs were enriched in the Salmonella infection, Amoebiasis, Renin − angiotensin system, and other related signaling pathways.