These outcomes showed that the trend of DM increasing the Nrf2 and HO-1 was consistent in both the IHC quantitative analysis and in the expression levels of protein and transcription, indicating that DM may prevent TGS-induced OAT in rats by activating the signaling pathway of Nrf2/HO-1. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is thyroid gland oncocytic adenoma.