ELANE and cor pulmonale: They are also important players in the regulationof inflammation.1−3 In the last 30 years, both academic and industrialactors have devoted large efforts in developing drug-like compoundsinhibiting the activity of the human neutrophil elastase (HNE),4,5 a neutrophil serine protease (NSP).4 Imbalancebetween HNE and its endogenous inhibitors results in HNE overactivityand has been linked to several cardiopulmonary diseases includingchronic obstructive pulmonary disease,4 as well as other chronic inflammatory conditions.