For example, in a pharmacological model of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia, NKCC1 is increased in the ventral but not in the dorsal subregion of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) [51], and in a rodent model of neuropathic pain, KCC2 expression is increased in the mPFC but not in the neighboring anterior cingulate cortex [16]. This evidence concerns the gene SLC12A5 and Cognitive impairment.