The reported partial improvement in BDNF levels after observing RIF could be also ascribed to the effect of RIF in reducing body weight [41], adiposity [42], visceral adiposity [43], metabolic syndrome components [44], cardiometabolic risk factors [45], proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers [46,47], and IGF-1 [43]; all of these have been implicated in the pathogenesis of mental health problems and decreased BDNF levels. Here, BDNF is linked to metabolic syndrome.