FGF2 and neoplasm: Among the secreted FGFs, fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), upon binding to FGFR 1-4 and activation of various signaling pathways such as RAS–mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling, plays a crucial role in cell development, differentiation, regeneration, senescence, proliferation, and migration, as well as in tumor progression and malignancy [78,79].