ACE and Hypertension: Across all study groups CAE (Group A), CAD (Group B), and control (Group C), no statistically significant differences were noted with regards to sex, age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, body mass index (BMI), ejection fraction, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and medications such as aspirin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), statins, nitrates, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers (CCBs).