An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study was performed on the GOG-0199 cohort of women at risk for ovarian cancer (carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations or women with positive ovarian cancer history in first- and second-degree relatives) compared the RRSO and ovarian cancer screening (OCS) based on the ROCA algorithm and transvaginal ultrasound. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and ovarian carcinoma.