ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Following the approval of crizotinib, second-generation ALK inhibitors (alectinib, brigatinib, ceritinib, and ensartinib) have made significant advancements, showing greater effectiveness and improved responses within the brain for advanced ALK-positive NSCLC compared to crizotinib (Shaw et al., 2017b; Hida et al., 2017; Camidge et al., 2018; Horn et al., 2021).