NLRP3 and Intervertebral disk degeneration: Exosomes derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC-Exos) have been shown to prevent H2O2-mediated pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells by downregulating the NLRP3 inflammasome during intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), and miR-302c carried by hESC-Exos plays an important role in this process [163].