Dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), a component of the multiple enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase complex that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, was overexpressed following exposure to air pollutant PM2.5 by activating eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) or transcription factor Sp1, thereby contributing to PM2.5-induced tumorigenesis of non-small cell lung cancer via enhancing glycolysis [85] (Fig. 3). The gene discussed is DLAT; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.