Some clinical trials have shown that TIM-3 blockade alone fails to achieve clinical efficacy for most patients with AML or MDS and improvement in clinical outcome is only observed when TIM-3 is combined with other checkpoint inhibitors, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or hypomethylating agents (HMA) [11–13]. The gene discussed is HAVCR2; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.