Recently, Zhou et al. found that the concentrations of serum KLB were considerably higher in patients with NSCLC than in the control group and that KLB expression was significantly increased in patients after chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) targeted therapy as well as showing good correlation with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)7. The gene discussed is KLB; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.