Lifestyle modifications and anti-diabetic drugs (including metformin, DPP4-inhibitors, sulfonylureas, and insulin) without any SGLT-2 inhibitors, pioglitazone or GLP-1 agonist, comprise the usual standard of care for Type 2 diabetes mellitus, which was used by three studies as control34,36,38. This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A2 and diabetes mellitus.