Altogether, these data suggest that CCR7+ DCs retained in the tumour undergo a transition, acquiring the transcriptional hallmarks of “exhaustion”, as defined in T cells20, namely reduced expression of molecules enabling effector function (e.g. antigen presentation), sustained expression of inhibitory molecules (such as PD-L1/L2), and a transcriptional state distinct from that of functional effector cells (i.e. successful dLN emigrants). Here, CCR7 is linked to neoplasm.