LGALS9 and neoplasm: Gal-9 possesses multiple properties within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and can be expressed to varying extents in nearly all immune cells (Chaudhary et al., 2022), including tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) (Qi et al., 2019), antigen-presenting cells (APCs) (Ashraf et al., 2017), Regulatory T-cells (Treg cells) (Ashraf et al., 2015), and T-cells.