It is worth mentioning that the literature we included in the previous section involved a Meta-analysis study of 4,166 HCC patients (An et al., 2021) and a multivariate analysis of 2,233 patients with multiple cancers (Irie et al., 2005; Yamauchi et al., 2006; Melief et al., 2017; Curley et al., 2020; Yuan et al., 2020), which clearly demonstrated the evidence for Gal-9 as an independent influencing factor in pan-cancer from an evidence-based medical perspective. Here, LGALS9 is linked to cancer.