Inhibition of PARP reduced the accumulation of NT, TNF-α, and 4-hydroxynonenal adduct accumulation in endothelial and SCs, spinal cord, and sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of diabetic peripheral nerves, attenuated diabetes-related oxidative and nitrosative stress, and alleviated peripheral nerve disorders (85, 94). Here, PARP1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.