In this study, 426 cases G6PD deficiency were identified by G6PD enzyme quantitative assay in 8459 adults, the prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 5.04% in this population, 250 cases of G6PD deficiency were found in males, the prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 7.54% (250/3314) in Yangjiang region, while the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in females was 3.42% (176/5145), it was lower than that of males. The gene discussed is G6PD; the disease is G6PD deficiency.