The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines for the care of kidney transplant recipients recommend that anemia in kidney transplant patients should be monitored and treated in the same way as patients with CKD (99), while, CKD populations have indicated that an increased risk of stroke and venous thromboembolism when ESA therapy is used to target high Hb levels (32, 35, 100). Here, GSTM1 is linked to anemia.