Finally, future experiments will also be needed to determine whether BCDIN3D methylation and its RNA targets regulate other noncanonical functions of EPRS, such as the cellular responses to DNA damage (Park et al, 2005), IFN-γ (Sampath et al, 2004b), viral infection (Lee et al, 2016) and metabolic status (Arif et al, 2017). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and viral infectious disease.