Studying the interrelationship between cytokines and PD-1/PD-L1 in the pathogenesis of IPF, further elucidating the role of PD-1/PD-L1 in the pathogenesis of IPF, and then exploring how to apply PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the clinical treatment of IPF are the directions we can proceed in the future. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.