Our results concur with those of Nkune and others, who reported apoptosis induction after PDT which was observed via Annexin V-FITC/PI staining in A375 human melanoma cells cultured MCTSs (10 J/cm2) and the authors highlighted the differences in cellular responses to PDT treatment between 2-D and 3-D cell cultures (Nkune and Abrahamse, 2023). This evidence concerns the gene ANXA5 and melanoma.