Carvalho et al. (2016) found that in wild-type mouse model treated with MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine), the glutathionylation of Keap1 disrupts the Nrf2-Keap1 complex to enable Nrf2 activation, which increases the expression of HO-1 and glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP, S-transferase pi) and enhances the antioxidant protective mechanism of the brain to improve Parkinson’s disease (PD). The gene discussed is GSTP1; the disease is Parkinson disease.