TNF and diabetes mellitus: Huo et al. (2021) found that SCU could attenuate cardiac histopathological changes by decreasing high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced upregulation of TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB, IL- 6, and TNF-α and by increasing HFD/STZ-induced downregulation of IkBβ mRNA expression in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.