Further mechanistic work should clarify how cytokine-mediated apoptosis interconnects with autophagy, necrosis, and other death modalities in glioma; #3 Immunology: The immunology cluster highlights active investigation into modulating anti-glioma functionality of immune cell types via cytokines; #4 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: The EGFR cluster indicates this remains a key target for cytokines and immunotherapy given its frequent dysregulation in glioma. Here, EGFR is linked to glioma.