KRAS and lung carcinoma: Up to now, CRISPR/Cas9-based therapy has been utilized to treat multiple tumors, including lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. The therapeutic targets for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated cancer treatment include oncogenes (Kras) [7], cell death-related genes (MTH1) [9], epigenetic genes (DNMT1) [42], immune-related genes (CD47) [43], viral oncogenes (E6 or E7) [44], and tumor microenvironment-associated gene targets (VEGFA) [12], etc.